Wednesday, July 29, 2015

Arrhythmia

Symptoms:
rapid heart palpitations


Arrhythmia - a condition in which there is a violation of normal frequency, consistency or rhythm of the heart contractions. Normally, the heart rate does not exceed 60 - 90 cuts / min.
Arrhythmias contribute: 1 diabetes and type 2, hypertension, obesity, coronary heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, heart disease, thyroid disease, and others. Women arrhythmias may occur during the premenstrual syndrome.


Arrhythmias can occur in a healthy person while taking certain medications, insect bites, constipation, with overeating and stress. Most cases of arrhythmia occurs with mild symptoms: recurrent feeling a sinking heart, dizziness, bated breath, weakness and fatigue. With the progression of disease associated pain and discomfort in the chest, irregular heartbeat, fainting.


Treatment:
Arrhythmias, does not violate the general conditions do not require treatment. In other cases, treatment should begin with identifying and eliminating the causes that caused the arrhythmia. Assign: antiarrhythmics, cardiac glycosides, anticoagulant.

Hypertension

Symptoms:
shortness of breath, headache, disturbance of consciousness, palpitations, nosebleeds


Hypertension - high blood pressure. Hypertension is one of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system, it suffers every fifth inhabitant of our planet.

Contribute to hypertension: obesity, diseases of the endocrine system and kidneys, stress, heredity, weakness, old age.

Feature hypertension is asymptomatic, but in addition, it is a predisposing factor for the development of stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure. Patients are observed: headaches, arrhythmia, irritability, fatigue. As the disease progresses align: pain in the heart, memory disorders, shortness of breath, breathing becomes shallow. The disease requires timely correct treatment.

Treatment:
In cases where increased pressure normally tolerated, treatment is not required. In other cases, prescribed drugs that normalize blood pressure, salt-free diet is recommended.


Atherosclerosis

Symptoms:
fatigue, decreased concentration, dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia, memory loss, decreased performance, squeezing chest pain, heart pain, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction

In the body, each person has a natural "pipeline" - the circulatory system. It is with the help of the internal organs are powered consisting of oxygen and various nutrients. Over time, the blood vessels, as well as any pipes clogged, their walls form plaque, which prevents the normal flow of blood. This is atherosclerosis.

The consequence of this disease is that the internal organs begin to "starve", their work is broken. In the worst case, there is a complete blockage of the vessel, and then can even be fatal. Often it causes atherosclerosis, heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, it is important to keep this natural "pipeline" in order, so to speak, to observe the rules of operation - to eat, to lead sedentary lives, do not have bad habits.

Usually, atherosclerosis develops in the background of the general aging of the body. However, not only the age factor is set. Those at risk include:

  •     males after 40-45 years;
  •     smokers;
  •     obese;
  •     diabetics;
  •     lovers of fatty foods;
  •     People exposed to frequent and severe stress.


Development of the disease

As we have seen, in atherosclerosis is reduced "bandwidth" of the arteries. This occurs as follows: on the inner walls form a small spot, which consist mainly of cholesterol. Over time, they "grow" with connective tissue and become atheroma - in other words, the plaques. Because they artery narrows and deteriorates the bloodstream. As a result, the internal organs are not getting proper nutrition and cease to properly perform its functions.
The disease usually affects the entire body, but developing unevenly. Depending on what struck artery to the greatest degree, distinguish atherosclerosis:

  •     heart;
  •     brain;
  •     the lower extremities;
  •     kidneys;
  •     intestine and m. g.

The plaque itself - the phenomenon is quite unpleasant, but much more dangerous when it breaks the surface. In this case, the affected area start to "stick" platelets and eventually form a clot. It may be so that a piece of plaque or a blood clot destroyed will "travel" through the arteries, stuck in a narrow place and completely block the flow of blood. The consequences can be very sad.


Symptomatology

The feature of atherosclerosis is that it develops quickly. Cholesterol builds up plaque gradually increase in size, but the man at the same time does not feel anything. The disease has an effect only when the vessel lumen is narrowed by about 70%. Atherosclerosis is manifested in different ways, it all depends on the principal place of "dislocation" of cholesterol plaques. But there is one common symptom - pain. It is the result of lack of oxygen and nutrition. Weakened "hunger" muscles begin to ache and can not fully work.

If struck by vessels of the brain, the person concerned:

  •     memory disorders;
  •     decrease in mental performance;
  •     fatigue;
  •     headache;
  •     sleeplessness;
  •     dizziness;
  •     noise in ears;
  •     problems with hearing, vision, speech;
  •     incoordination.

The patient becomes irritable and fussy, his emotional state is close to a depressive. In the worst scenario, atherosclerosis, hit vessels of the brain leads to a stroke.

If a large amount of cholesterol deposited on the walls of the coronary arteries, the heart suffers. In particular, developing angina or coronary heart disease, a heart attack can occur. At the same man tormented:

  •     pressing pain, which is deployed in the chest. Pain usually occur during exercise or at the time of stress;
  •     severe shortness of breath. The patient was sorely lacking oxygen, it seems that he is suffocating;
  •     dizziness, headaches. These symptoms are observed in some cases, sometimes even reaching loss of consciousness.

In the case where the plaque formed in the arteries that supply the lower extremities, atherosclerosis is manifested as follows:

  •     feet become cold, sometimes become a pale bluish tint;
  •     People complain about the chill feet;
  •     the pulse of the arteries feet barely detectable;
  •     in the calves when walking there is pain that runs when a person stops. Experts call this phenomenon "intermittent claudication";
  •     wounds do not heal on their feet, in advanced cases formed ulcers, gangrene may develop.

If amazed arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients intestine, these symptoms occur:

  •     colic, abdominal pain. Typically, attacks occur after a meal;
  •     often observed bloating;
  •     possible vomiting.



Treatment:


If the disease has not gone too far, it can be an effective medical intervention. As a rule, prescribers, lowers cholesterol and other fats in the blood. When this does not work, it is necessary to resort to surgical methods. There are two possible options:

  •     expansion of the lumen;
  •     removal of the lesion and its replacement.

Atherosclerosis is necessary to observe a special diet that excludes foods rich in cholesterol. Proper nutrition - the best way to prevent the disease. And of course, you need to quit smoking, increase physical activity. Then the vessels for a long time will remain 'pure'.

Varicose veins of the legs

Symptoms:
itching, pain in the knee, nonhealing ulcers, peeling skin, muscle tremors, leg swelling, leg pain

Varicose veins of the legs - a disease that manifests itself stretching and irregular veins, blood flow is accompanied by a violation and failure valves.


Development of the disease contribute to: poor nutrition, overweight, long stay on his feet, endocrine disorders, smoking, heredity, and flat feet. In addition, an important role in the development of the disease plays a defective valve of the venous valves.

Varicose veins of the legs expanded begins with the appearance of a sense of feeling of heaviness in the legs, swollen legs, worse in the evening, fatigue. As the disease progresses align: leg cramps, "protrusion" varices, discoloration of the skin (cyanosis), knot density, unhealed sores, dermatitis (see. The symptoms of dermatitis).

Treatment:

Varicose veins should be complex. An effective treatment is surgical - venectomy (removal of the affected veins). In the initial stages of the disease applied compression and drug therapy.

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