Wednesday, November 11, 2015

Food allergies

Symptoms:
fever, nausea, itching, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, abdominal pain

Food allergy is the body's reaction to allergens, received food through. It is able to occur in a large number of cases receiving allergopotentsialnyh products. There are two types:

1. mild;

2. severe.

How does a food allergy

The manifestation of the disease begins a few minutes after a meal. But the probability and a delay of up to 2 hours. In this case, symptoms are less pronounced and not as bright as at the instant reaction to the allergen.

In mild observed following symptoms:

    rash as a reddish-pink dots or urticaria;
    stuffy nose;
    tingling in the mouth;
    gastrointestinal disorders;
    itchy rash on the body.

In severe marked symptoms such as:

    angioedema, covering throat, esophagus, mouth, lips, neck, ears, hair and body parts of the gastrointestinal mucosa;
    diarrhea;
    intestinal cramps and spasms;
    vomiting;
    burning;
    extensive rashes on the body (abdomen, arms, legs, chest, groin);
    strong reddening of the skin;
    weakness throughout the body;
    dizziness;
    coughing and wheezing;
    shallow breathing;
    distraction or drowsiness.

What causes food allergies

The cause of food allergies - food. In the list of the most common allergens include:

    peanuts;
    walnuts;
    wheat;
    soybeans;
    shellfish;
    shrimp;
    fish;
    eggs;
    milk;
    hazelnuts;
    almonds.

Usually, the problem is their constituent protein. It is he who makes these products allergens. A person suffering from severe reactions, even quite a smell of food, or touching the product to trigger an allergic response.

Another active allergen - sulfite (a chemical). It is part of the artificially colored food: food, carbonated drinks, some cheap sweets. Also used to make dried fruits and vegetables a bright color.


Food allergies starts with itching, redness of the skin and rashes on the body. They can concentrate on the inside of the forearm, chest, abdomen, in the folds of the joints, on the cheeks and ankles. If there is a mild reaction, then that's about it. However, severe disease manifestation of a more complex, acute and rapid.

In allergy may start swelling of the throat, palate, tongue, abdominal symptoms in the form of swelling of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach, intestines. This in turn triggers diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, choking, wheezing. Such a reaction is called angioedema. It is the most dangerous.

It is noted that the immediate appearance of allergies as a result of the meal proceeds more clearly and problematic, with serious consequences. In case of postponement is less pronounced symptoms and does not cause major problems. In general, the allergic response of an organism depends on the amount of antibody concentrations in the blood.

The most acute manifestations - anaphylaxis. It affects the whole body. As a rule, there is after 1 hour after receipt of the allergen into the body. Able to re-aggravation of 1-2 hours. The most dangerous complications are also observed:

    loss of consciousness;
    swelling of the throat and tongue (angioedema in the composition);
    bronchial asthma;
    bronchitis;
    eczema;
    obstruction of air into the lungs;
    coma;
    death.

Diagnosis of food allergy

The diagnosis is made on the basis of external characteristics. If the allergen is unknown, appointed special studies:

    laboratory tests;
    skin tests.

The first list includes:

    examination of blood levels of antibodies;
    ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay);
    RAST (radioallergosorbent test).

The second list includes:

    prick test (mini-prick with the application of a liquid on the skin to allergens);
    provocation test (with false-positive results or blurred symptoms).

Prevention of food allergy
Best option - to refuse a potentially safe food. To do this, you must know exactly what is an allergy and learn to "decode" the labels. Thus, by "kozeinatom" is meant milk, under "hydrolysed vegetable protein" - peanuts under "gluten" - wheat. To prevent overreaction, you should always carry a first aid kit and a special bracelet. It should include all allergens.

Bronchial asthma

Symptoms:
shortness of breath, wheezing in the chest, labored breathing, palpitations, cough

Asthma is a chronic allergic respiratory disease. It is a response to allergen exposure on the background of emotional experiences, stress, physical exertion or cold. Characterized impede the normal flow of air in the bronchi and lungs. Often begins in childhood.

How does asthma

It is able to manifest itself in varying degrees of exacerbations in moderate and severe forms. Usually, asthma is accompanied by:

    difficulty breathing;
    a feeling of tightness in the chest;
    attacks of breathlessness;
    cough (dry and unproductive, especially at night);
    breathing with wheezing (it can be heard even at a distance);
    shortness of breath;
    Syndrome lack of air;
    rapid breathing;
    difficulty exhaling;
    swelling of the chest;
    the problematic question.

What causes asthma

There are non-infectious, allergic and infectious-allergic forms of the disease.

Non-infectious-allergic asthma is caused by a variety of organic and inorganic allergens. The list includes:

    street and house dust, including mites, pollen;
    chemicals (salts of heavy metals, cyanamides, pesticides, formalin);
    drugs (aspirin, vitamin B1, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, penicillins and other antibiotics);
    foods (strawberries, strawberries, citrus fruits, bananas);
    animal waste products (wool, dander, urine);
    external stimuli (in the form of exhaust gases, smoke, perfume sprays);
    stress (fear, anxiety);
    sporting (intensity, in cold conditions);
    down and feather of a bird.

Infectious-allergic asthma is triggered by bacterial and viral infections:

    sore throat;
    bronchitis;
    pneumonia;
    pharyngitis;
    sinusitis;
    flu.



Asthma develops and runs on the background of genetic predisposition. This means that if someone in the family was sick with asthma before, then the other person under certain conditions it can also occur. The level of difficulty can be of three types:

    easy flow;
    moderate flow;
    severe.

Seizures can take from several minutes to hours. Often completed yourself. But if symptoms do not pass all the time growing for 24-48 hours, then you need to see a doctor urgently.

In mild asthma occurs without strong suffocation and transient symptoms. There is 1-2 times per week.

Moderate flow is characterized by more intense symptoms of breathlessness, cough and night respiratory discomfort of not more than 1-2 times a month.

Severe asthma has all the classic symptoms with wheezing, shortness of speech, inability to breathe, a syndrome of lack of air. When the first two forms of the condition of patients between attacks stable.

Complications of the disease include:

    emphysematous lung disorders;
    acute respiratory failure;
    penetration of air in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax).

Diagnosis of asthma

Diagnosis is based on:

    history complaining of characteristic symptoms;
    clinical manifestations;
    the results of physical examination;
    respiratory function tests;
    the presence of eosinophils in the bronchial secretions or sputum;
    allergy status with skin, inhaled, conjunctive, nasal samples;
    radioallergosorbent test results.

Treatment:

The main principle of bronchial treatment - the continuity of anti-graded events. This reduces the number of times of chronic symptoms and prevent worsening of the disease.

The most effective drugs for asthma are considered to be inhaled glucocorticosteroids and anti-inflammatory drugs long-term treatment. They are administered in the form of sprays, aerosols or inhalers. It is possible, and the use of inside.

To modern therapeutic agent for asthma include:

    haliksol;
    polyoxidonium;
    Mucodyne;
    Maddox;
    bronhorus;
    bronhobos;
    Ambroxol-Hemofarm;
    ambrogeksal;
    ambrobene and so on.



Prevention of asthma

For the prevention of this disease need to know exactly what stimuli cause an attack. Then, to avoid these factors. You also need to regularly take all the prescribed medication to reduce the number of exacerbations.

In addition, prevention includes measures that eliminate the causes initially deterioration. These include:

    Frequent exposure to fresh air;
    contents clean housing and the workplace;
    elimination of smoking;
    sports;
    avoiding smoke, exhaust;
    regular wet cleaning and so on.

-